In-text citation in APA Style uses an author-date system. Place the author's name and year of publication in parentheses, separated by a comma (#1). If the name of the author appears in the text, cite only the year in parentheses (#2). If both author and year appear in the text, don't include a parenthetical citation (#3).
#1: In the beginning stages... (Jenkins, 2003)
#2: Jenkins (2003) described the beginning stages...
#3: In his seminal 2003 study, Jenkins described ...
Sources with multiple authors:
2 authors: cite both names every time; e.g., (Smith & Jones, 2014)
3-5 authors: cite all authors the first time, then only the 1st author plus et. al. subsequently; e.g., 1st citation (Smith, Jones, & Brown, 2013); 2nd citation (Smith et al., 2013)
More than 5 authors: cite the first author followed by et al.; e.g. (Smith et al., 2014)
Direct quotations:
In general, for a direct quote (rather than a paraphrase), provide a page number in the citation in addition to the author and date.
Example:
But in the words of the inimitable Winnie: “Rivers know this: there is no hurry. We shall get there some day” (Milne, 1926, p. 79).
**For more examples, please see the APA Manual or the OWL APA Guide.
A DOI is a unique, permanent locator for online materials.They are usually found at the top of an article or with the other citation information -- look for the letters "doi" followed by an alphanumeric sequence beginning with 10. Many older articles may not have a DOI.
APA style provides writers with a system for referencing sources through parenthetical citations, but also specifies guidelines for formatting papers. Below find basic guidelines for formatting your paper and References List. For more in-depth information on formatting, check out the OWL APA Formatting and Style Guide.
You essay should be double-spaced with 1" margins. APA recommends using 12 pt. Times New Roman font.
References Title: Type the word "References" in the top center of a new page. Don't bold, underline, or use quotation marks for the label. Double-space citations and insert commas, colons, semicolons, and periods that separate parts of the citation.