In history when we say "primary sources" we are referring to materials that were created at the time of the historical event or era that you are researching. These are evidence of what actually occurred and how people reacted in the moment. They can be firsthand testimony or evidence created during the time period you are studying, such as:
Primary sources may also be materials that are created at the time that you, with your historian lens, are analyzing. These are very broad and could include:
Primary sources are commonly found in library's special collections, archives, museums, or in databases that have digital scans of these items. Sometimes there are books that contain or cite primary sources, such as letters or transcripts from a speech. There are also some websites that will digitize and share primary sources on a particular topic. Checking the library's research guides is a great place to start!
The Times (of London) Digital Archive UW Restricted provides full-text searching of newspaper articles spanning the twentieth century.
Primary source material from within former British colonies and Commonwealth nations, alongside some from former French and Portuguese territories. Trial access ends March 31, 2025.
For additional sources on the world wars, see the Military History research guide.
Major collections: