In-Text Citations
- Use superscript numbers to cite material, e.g., 1
- The superscript number is inserted into the document immediately next to the fact, concept, or quotation being cited.
- If a reference is used many times in one paper, use the same number throughout.
- See the In-Text Citations tab for more information.
References
- Number references consecutively with arabic numerals in the order in which they are cited in the text.
- If the citation extends to a second line, do NOT indent (as in APA).
- Journal titles are abbreviated and in italics.
- Use PubMed abbreviations for journal titles. See Journals referenced in the NCBI Databases.
- If no PubMed journal abbreviation exists, use standard abbreviations in the AMA Manual of Style to construct an abbreviated title.
- Single word titles, such as Pediatrics, are not abbreviated.
- In journal titles, capitalize all major words (Do not capitalize the, an, a, in, for, or but, unless this word begins the title.)
- Title of journal article: capitalize only the first word.
- Journal page numbers and dates: Format is the year followed by a semicolon; the volume number and the issue number (in parentheses) followed by a colon; the initial page number, a hyphen, the final page number followed by a period and are set without spaces.
Example:
Hunter RH, Sykes K, Lowman SG, Duncan R, Satariano WA, Belza B. Environmental and policy change to support healthy aging. J Aging Soc Policy. 2011;23(4):354-371. doi:10.1080/08959420.2011.605642
- Citing online journals: The DOI number is preferred over the URL link.
- Books:
- In Book Titles, capitalize all major words (Do not capitalize the, an, a, in, for, or but, unless this word begins the title.) and put in italics.
- In Book Chapter Titles: capitalize only the first word.
- See the Citing Print Resources and the Citing Electronic Resources tabs for more information and examples.