PharmD Year 2 - Library Resources
Additional Search Techniques
Most databases use the following features.
| Database Function | Syntax Example | |
|---|---|---|
| Phrase Search | "flavored e-cigarette" | |
| Truncation | pharmac* | |
| Boolean Operators |
aspirin AND pain (aspiring OR ASA OR acetylsalicylic acid) NOT animals |
|
| Proximity Operators | flavored NEAR/3 (vap* OR ecig* OR e-cig*) [EMBASE example] | |
| Field Searching |
PubMed examples vaping[ti] vaping[tiab] Devine EB[au] |
EMBASE examples vaping:ti vaping:ti,ab 'Devine E.B.':au |
What to do when you get too few results
- Look for misspellings in your strategy.
- Decrease the number of concepts searched.
- Try a broader search term.
- Use a term from the thesaurus (i.e., MeSH or subject heading list) for searching.
- Use the Related Articles or Similar Articles feature.
- Check for missing or incorrect field qualifiers.
- Remove terms that are unlikely to be used by an author.
- Replace terms that are too general or too specific.
- Increase the number of synonyms or alternatives for a term.
- Use a truncation symbol at the end of a term to pick up variant endings.
- Try running the search on earlier years (back files) of the database.
- Try a different database.
What to do when you get too many results
- Choose the most specific subject headings or most significant key words.
- Use subheadings to narrow the focus of the subject heading if appropriate.
- Increase the number of search concepts that are ANDed together.
- Use fewer synonyms for terms.
- Make a term from the thesaurus (i.e. subject heading list or controlled vocabulary) the main focus of the article ("major" in PubMed and "focus" in CINAHL).
- Limit to review articles.
- Limit your search to type of article, language, age group, current years, etc.
- Ask for significant words to be in the TITLE of the article.