Research Guides
Transliteration table for Brill Online and Library of Congress Arabic
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Abbreviations: A = Arabic; T= Turkish; P = Persian |
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EI 3 - EWIC - EQ |
EI 2 |
Library of Congress Arabic |
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ء |
ʾ (Unicode 02BE) |
ʾ |
ʾ |
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ﺍ |
a, ā/Ā |
a, ā |
a, ā, Ā |
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ﺏ |
b |
b |
b |
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پ |
p |
p |
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ﺕ |
t |
t |
t |
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ﺙ |
th |
t̲h̲ |
th |
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ﺝ |
A: j T: c |
d̲j̲ |
j |
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چ |
ç |
č |
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ﺡ |
ḥ |
ḥ |
ḥ |
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ﺥ |
kh |
k̲h̲ |
kh |
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خو |
khw |
k̲h̲w |
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ﺩ |
d |
d |
d |
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ﺫ |
dh |
d̲h̲ |
dh |
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ﺭ |
r |
r |
r |
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ﺯ |
z |
z |
z |
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ژ |
zh |
z̲h̲ |
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ﺱ |
s |
s |
s |
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ﺵ |
sh |
s̲h̲ |
sh |
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ﺹ |
ṣ |
ṣ |
ṣ |
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ﺽ |
ḍ |
ḍ |
ḍ |
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ﻁ |
ṭ |
ṭ |
ṭ |
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ﻅ |
ẓ |
ẓ |
ẓ |
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ﻉ |
ʿ (Unicode O2BF) |
ʿ |
ʿ |
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ﻍ |
gh |
g̲h̲ |
gh |
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ﻑ |
f |
f |
f |
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ﻕ |
q |
ḳ |
q |
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ﻙ |
k |
A: k; T: k, g [ğ]; ñ |
k |
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ﻝ |
l |
l |
l |
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ﻡ |
m |
m |
m |
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ﻥ |
n |
n |
n |
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ﻩ |
h |
h |
h |
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ة |
a (at in idafah) |
a (at in idafah) |
h (t in idafah, i.e. always preceded by “a”: ah, at ) |
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ﻭ |
w/v, ū/Ū, -uww |
w/v, ū, -uww |
w |
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ى/ﻱ |
ī/Ī, -iyy- |
ī/Ī, -iyy- |
y |
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Short Vowels |
a, e, I, I, o, ö, u, ü |
a, e, I, I, o, ö, u, ü |
a, i, o, u |
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Grammatical Points |
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No sun letters |
Uses sun letters |
No sun letters |
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Wa-l-kitab |
Wa-al-kitab |
Wa-al-kitab |
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b. bt. Except Ibn Hazm |
b. bt. Except Ibn Hazm |
Ibn, bint, except for North African names: Bin Khiddah |
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Alif Maqsura |
ā |
ā |
ā |
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Nisba adjectives |
al-Miṣriyya
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al-Miṣriyya
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al-Miṣrīyah |