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- Cite & Transform Data
Data & Statistics: Cite & Transform Data
Citing Data
- APA Style Guide to Electronic ReferencesSee page 16 for how to cite data.
Yes, you need to cite your data, just as you would cite information you found in an article, a book, a webpage, or any other format.
Here are some resources to help you cite your data:
- Citing DataGuide from MIT on how and why to cite data.
- Citing guide for Statistics Canada, PCensus, EStat, and CHASS dataData citation for Statistics Canada data.
- How to Cite DataUseful guide written by librarian at Michigan State University. Includes info on how to cite data using APA style.
- Library Guide to Citing Statistics and Data in APA & MLAUniversity of Ontario guide to citing data in ALA & MLA styles.
- Why and How Should I Cite Data?Guide for citing ICPSR data.
Transforming or Cleaning Data
When you are working with data, you may need to make large-scale transformations, such as changing a date format or separating a piece of data into two cells. Instead of going through every cell in a spreadsheet, you can use tools or programming to expedite the process.
- Open RefineOpenRefine (previously Google Refine) is a powerful tool for working with messy data: cleaning it; transforming it from one format into another; and extending it with web services and external data.
OpenRefine always keeps your data private on your own computer until YOU want to share or collaborate. Your private data never leaves your computer unless you want it to. (It works by running a small server on your computer and you use your web browser to interact with it) - Open Refine Documentation and User ManualThis manual is designed to comprehensively walk through every aspect of setting up and using OpenRefine 3.4.1, including every interface function and feature.